Rhynchostylis retusa

Rhynchostylis retusa
Scientific classification
:	[[Template:Taxonomy/Rhynchostylis]]
Species:	Template:Taxonomy/RhynchostylisR. retusa
Binomial name
	Template:Taxonomy/RhynchostylisRhynchostylis retusa; (L.) Blume
Synonyms
	List Epidendrum retusum L. (basionym) ; Aerides guttata (Lindl.) Roxb. ; Aerides praemorsa Willd. ; Aerides retusa (L.) Sw. ; Aerides spicata D.Don ; Aerides undulata Sm. ; Anota violacea (Rchb.f.) Schltr. ; Epidendrum hippium Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don ; Epidendrum indicum Poir. ; Gastrochilus blumei (Lindl.) Kuntze ; Gastrochilus garwalicus (Lindl.) Kuntze ; Gastrochilus praemorsus (Willd.) Kuntze ; Gastrochilus retusus (L.) Kuntze ; Gastrochilus rheedei (Wight) Kuntze ; Gastrochilus spicatus (D.Don) Kuntze ; Gastrochilus violaceus (Rchb.f.) Kuntze ; Limodorum retusum (L.) Sw. ; Orchis lanigera Blanco ; Rhynchostylis albiflora I.Barua & Bora ; Rhynchostylis garwalica (Lindl.) Rchb.f. ; Rhynchostylis guttata (Lindl.) Rchb.f. ; Rhynchostylis praemorsa (Willd.) Blume ; Rhynchostylis retusa f. albiflora (I.Barua & Bora) Christenson ; Rhynchostylis violacea Rchb.f. ; Saccolabium blumei Lindl. ; Saccolabium garwalicum Lindl. ; Saccolabium guttatum (Lindl.) Lindl. ex Wall. ; Saccolabium heathii auct. ; Saccolabium macrostachyum Lindl. ; Saccolabium praemorsum (Willd.) Lindl. ; Saccolabium retusum (L.) Voigt ; Saccolabium rheedei Wight ; Saccolabium spicatum (D.Don) Lindl. ; Saccolabium violaceum Rchb.f. ; Sarcanthus guttatus Lindl. ;

Rhynchostylis retusa (also called foxtail orchid) is an orchid, belonging to the Vanda alliance. The inflorescence is a pendant raceme, consisting of more than 100 pink-spotted white flowers. The plant has a short, stout, creeping stem carrying up to 12, curved, fleshy, deeply channeled, keeled, retuse apically leaves and blooms on an axillary pendant to 60 cm (24 in) long, racemose, densely flowered, cylindrical inflorescence that occurs in the winter and early spring. It is famous for its use as a hair-ornament worn by Assamese women during folk dance Bihu on the onset of spring.^[2]

Distribution[edit]

Close-up of the individual flowers forming the inflorescence of Rhynchostylis retusa

The plant is an epiphyte growing on tree trunks in open forests or at forest margins at elevations of 300–1,500 m (980–4,920 ft). It can be found in Bhutan, Cambodia, China (Guizhou, Yunnan), India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam.^[3]

In India, the plant is most common in North-East, Orissa and Andhra Pradesh. In Andhra Pradesh, the plant is called by Telugu name Chintaranamu. Due to bio-piracy,^{[citation needed]} the plant is on the verge of extinction in India. Rhychostylis retusa is recognized as the state flower of Arunachal Pradesh and Assam in India as well the Uva Province of Sri Lanka.

Rhynchostylis retusa, an Orchid species of frequent occurrence in Assam

Care[edit]

The plant requires regular watering and applications of fertilizer throughout the year,^[2] although it will die if the leaves are wet frequently.^{[citation needed]} It prefers indirect lighting. Flowering usually occurs in late spring.^[4]

Medicinal uses[edit]

In Malabar District various preparations of the plant were used against asthma and tuberculosis and for 'nervous twitchings' (referable possibly to tic disorder), cramp, epileptic spasms, vertigo, palpitations, kidney stone and menstrual disorder. The plant has also been used in Assam to treat wounds, cuts and bruises. The plant has been used as an emollient in India and Nepal. Under the name of rasna the root is used to treat rheumatism throughout the Indian subcontinent.^[5]

Significance in Assamese culture[edit]

The species is the state flower of Assam, where it is popularly known as কপৌ ফুল (Kopou Ful), and is an integral part of a Bihu dancer's attire. The plant is considered to be a symbol of love, fertility and merriment and is popular in Assamese wedding ceremonies.

Gallery[edit]

Transformation of Rhynchostylis retusa from flower buds to seeds.
New Buds of Rhynchostylis retusa
New Buds of Rhynchostylis retusa
Buds of Rhynchostylis retusa
Buds of Rhynchostylis retusa
Buds of Rhynchostylis retusa
Buds of Rhynchostylis retusa
Flowers of Rhynchostylis retusa
Flowers of Rhynchostylis retusa
Flowers of Rhynchostylis retusa
Flowers of Rhynchostylis retusa
New fruits of Rhynchostylis retusa
New fruits of Rhynchostylis retusa
New fruits of Rhynchostylis retusa
Fruits of Rhynchostylis retusa
Fruits of Rhynchostylis retusa
Fruits of Rhynchostylis retusa
Matured fruits of Rhynchostylis retusa
Matured fruits of Rhynchostylis retusa
Matured fruits of Rhynchostylis retusa
New roots of Rhynchostylis retusa
Flowers of Rhynchostylis retusa

References[edit]

↑ Template:WCSP
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 "Rhynchostylis Retusa" Archived 2016-03-06 at the Wayback Machine. Orchid Blooming. Retrieved on 2013-03-18.
↑ Xinqi Chen; Jeffrey J. Wood. "Rhynchostylis retusa (Linnaeus) Blume, Bijdr. 286. 1825". Flora of China. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
↑ (1998-01-20). "Rhynchostylis page". Orchid Species.com. Retrieved on 2013-03-18.
↑ Orchid Biology: Reviews and Perspectives, III ed. Arditti,Joseph,pub.Comstock Publishing Associates - a division of Cornell University Press 1984 ISBN 0-8014-1040-1 (v.1) : Chapter 2 : Ethnobotany of the Orchidaceae by Lawler,Leonard J. page 101

External links[edit]

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[WCSP_178388-1] Template:WCSP

[ob-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 "Rhynchostylis Retusa" Archived 2016-03-06 at the Wayback Machine. Orchid Blooming. Retrieved on 2013-03-18.

[FoC-3] Xinqi Chen; Jeffrey J. Wood. "Rhynchostylis retusa (Linnaeus) Blume, Bijdr. 286. 1825". Flora of China. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. Retrieved 28 April 2018.

[os-4] (1998-01-20). "Rhynchostylis page". Orchid Species.com. Retrieved on 2013-03-18.

[5] Orchid Biology: Reviews and Perspectives, III ed. Arditti,Joseph,pub.Comstock Publishing Associates - a division of Cornell University Press 1984 ISBN 0-8014-1040-1 (v.1) : Chapter 2 : Ethnobotany of the Orchidaceae by Lawler,Leonard J. page 101

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[5]

Rhynchostylis retusa

Scientific classification
:	[[Template:Taxonomy/Rhynchostylis]]
Species:	Template:Taxonomy/RhynchostylisR. retusa
Binomial name
Template:Taxonomy/RhynchostylisRhynchostylis retusa (L.) Blume^[1]
Synonyms
List Epidendrum retusum L. (basionym) Aerides guttata (Lindl.) Roxb. Aerides praemorsa Willd. Aerides retusa (L.) Sw. Aerides spicata D.Don Aerides undulata Sm. Anota violacea (Rchb.f.) Schltr. Epidendrum hippium Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don Epidendrum indicum Poir. Gastrochilus blumei (Lindl.) Kuntze Gastrochilus garwalicus (Lindl.) Kuntze Gastrochilus praemorsus (Willd.) Kuntze Gastrochilus retusus (L.) Kuntze Gastrochilus rheedei (Wight) Kuntze Gastrochilus spicatus (D.Don) Kuntze Gastrochilus violaceus (Rchb.f.) Kuntze Limodorum retusum (L.) Sw. Orchis lanigera Blanco Rhynchostylis albiflora I.Barua & Bora Rhynchostylis garwalica (Lindl.) Rchb.f. Rhynchostylis guttata (Lindl.) Rchb.f. Rhynchostylis praemorsa (Willd.) Blume Rhynchostylis retusa f. albiflora (I.Barua & Bora) Christenson Rhynchostylis violacea Rchb.f. Saccolabium blumei Lindl. Saccolabium garwalicum Lindl. Saccolabium guttatum (Lindl.) Lindl. ex Wall. Saccolabium heathii auct. Saccolabium macrostachyum Lindl. Saccolabium praemorsum (Willd.) Lindl. Saccolabium retusum (L.) Voigt Saccolabium rheedei Wight Saccolabium spicatum (D.Don) Lindl. Saccolabium violaceum Rchb.f. Sarcanthus guttatus Lindl.^[2]