Muzaffarids (Gujarat)

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The Muzaffarid dynasty, sometimes referred as Ahmedabad dynasty, were Sultans of Gujarat in western India from 1391 to 1583. The founder of the dynasty was Zafar Khan (later Muzaffar Shah I) who was governor of Gujarat under the Delhi Sultanate. Zafar Khan's father Sadharan, has been variously described as a Tank Rajput[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] or a Khatri[12][13][14][15][16][17] convert from Hinduism to Islam. He adopted the name Wajih-ul-Mulk. He was originally from Southern Punjab, rising to nobel status in the Delhi Sultan's court. His Hindu forebearers claimed descend from Rāmachandra, who the Hindus worshipped as God. When the Sultanate was weakened by the sacking of Delhi by Timur in 1398, and Zafar Khan took the opportunity to establish himself as sultan of an independent Gujarat. His son, Ahmed Shah I established the capital at Ahmedabad.[18] The dynasty ruled for almost 200 years, until the conquest of Gujarat by the Mughal Empire in 1572.[19] The sultanate reached its peak of expansion under Mahmud Begada, reaching east into Malwa and west to the Gulf of Kutch.[20]

Sultans of Gujarat Sultanate[edit]

Title/Name[21] Personal Name Reign
Shams-ud-Din Muzaffar Shah I
شمس الدین مظفر شاہ اول 		Zafar Khan 1391 - 1403 (1st Reign)
Nasir-ud-Din Muhammad Shah I
نصیر الدین محمد شاہ اول 		Tatar Khan 1403 - 1404
Shams-ud-Din Muzaffar Shah I
شمس الدین مظفر شاہ اول 		Zafar Khan 1404 - 1411 (2nd Reign)
Nasir-ud-Din Ahmad Shah I
ناصر الدین احمد شاہ اول 		Ahmad Khan 1411 - 1443
Muizz-ud-Din Muhammad Shah II
المعز الدین محمد شاہ دوم 		Karim Khan 1443 - 1451
Qutb-ud-Din Ahmad Shah II
قطب الدین احمد شاہ دوم 		Jalal Khan 1451 - 1458
Daud Shah
داود شاہ 		Daud Khan 1458
Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud Shah I (Mahmud Begada)
ناصر الدین محمود شاہ اول محمود بگڑا 		Fateh Khan 1458 - 1511
Shams-ud-Din Muzaffar Shah II
شمس الدین مظفر شاہ دوم 		Khalil Khan 1511 - 1526
Sikandar Shah
سکندر شاہ 		Sikandar Khan 1526
Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud Shah II
ناصر الدین محمود شاہ دوم 		Nasir Khan 1526
Qutb-ud-Din Bahadur Shah
قطب الدین بہادرشاہ 		Bahadur Khan 1526 - 1535 (1st Reign)
Interregnum Mughal Empire under Humayun: 1535 - 1536
Qutb-ud-Din Bahadur Shah
قطب الدین بہادرشاہ 		Bahadur Khan 1536 - 1537 (2nd Reign)
Miran Muhammad Shah I
میران محمد شاہ تریہم 		Miran Muhammad Faruqi of Khandesh 6 weeks; 1537
Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud Shah III
ناصر الدین محمود شاہ تریہم 		Mahmud Khan 1537 - 1554
Ghiyas-ud-Din Ahmad Shah III
غیاث الدین احمد شاہ تریہم 		Ahmad Khan 1554 - 1561
Shams-ud-Din Muzaffar Shah III
شمس الدین مظفر شاہ تریہم 		Hubboo[22] or Nannu or Nathu [23](a pretender according to Mughal historians) 1561 - 1573
Interregnum Mughal Empire under Akbar: 1573 - 1583
Shams-ud-Din Muzaffar Shah III
شمس الدین مظفر شاہ تریہم 		Hubboo or Nannu or Nathu (a pretender according to Mughal historians) 1583 (Restored)
Mughal Empire under Akbar

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ↑ Abbas, Syed Anwer (2021). Confluence of Cultures: Hindu, Muslim, Buddhists & Jain mosque and Mausoleum. Notion Press. ISBN 9781639046041.
  2. ↑ Chandra, Satish (2004). Medieval India ( From Sultanat to the Mughals), PART ONE Delhi Sultanat ( 1206-1526). Har-Anand Publications. p. 218. ISBN 9788124110645.
  3. ↑ Muzaffar Husain Syed, Syed Saud Akhtar, BD Usmani (2011). Concise History of Islam. p. 271.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ↑ Kapadia, Aparna (2018). Gujarat: The Long Fifteenth Century and the Making of a Region. Cambridge University Press. p. 8. ISBN 9781107153318.
  5. ↑ Edward James Rapson, Sir Wolseley Haig, Sir Richard Burn (1965). The Cambridge History of India: Turks and Afghans, edited by W Haig, 1965. Cambridge. p. 294.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ↑ Chaube 1975, p. 4.
  7. ↑ Mahajan, VD (2007). History of Medieval India. S. Chand. p. 245. ISBN 9788121903646.
  8. ↑ Jenkins, Everett (2010). The Muslim Diaspora - A comprehensive reference to the spread of Islam in Asia, Africa, Europe and the America, 570 - 1799. McFarland & Company Inc. p. 275. ISBN 9780786447138.
  9. ↑ Jutta, Jain-Neubauer (1981). The Stepwells of Gujarat: In Art- Historical perspective. p. 62.
  10. ↑ Saran, Kishori Lal (1992). The legacy of Muslim Rule in India. Aditya Prakashan. p. 233. ISBN 9788185689036.
  11. ↑ Lane-Pool, Stanley (2014). Mohammadan Dyn: Orientalism V 2 - volume 2, page -312 , writer. p. 312. ISBN 9781317853947.
  12. ↑ Kapadia, Aparna (2018). In Praise of Kings: Rajputs, Sultans and Poets in Fifteenth-century Gujarat. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-107-15331-8. Gujarati historian Sikandar does narrate the story of Muzaffar Shah's ancestors having once been Hindus "Tanks" a branch of Khatris who trace their dynasty from the solar god.
  13. ↑ Kapadia, Aparna (2018-05-16). Gujarat: The Long Fifteenth Century and the Making of a Region. Cambridge University Press. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-107-15331-8.
  14. ↑ Wink, André (2003). Indo-Islamic society: 14th - 15th centuries. BRILL. p. 143. ISBN 978-90-04-13561-1. Similarly, Zaffar Khan Muzaffar, the first independent ruler of Gujarat was not a foreign muslim but a Khatri convert, of low subdivision called Tank.
  15. ↑ Khan, Iqtidar Alam (2008-04-25). Historical Dictionary of Medieval India. Scarecrow Press. p. 107. ISBN 978-0-8108-5503-8. The founder of the Gujarat Sultanate he was a convert from a sect of Hindu Khatris known as Tanks.
  16. ↑ Misra, S. C. (Satish Chandra) (1963). The rise of Muslim power in Gujarat; a history of Gujarat from 1298 to 1442. Internet Archive. New York, Asia Pub. House. p. 137. Zafar Khan was not a foreign muslim. He was a convert to Islam from a sect of the Khatris known as Tank.
  17. ↑ Khan, Iqtidar Alam (2004). Gunpowder and Firearms: Warfare in Medieval India. Oxford University Press. p. 57. ISBN 978-0-19-566526-0. Zafar Khan (entitled Muzaffar Shah) himself was a convert to Islam from a sub-caste of the Khatris known as Tank.
  18. ↑ Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency: Ahmedabad. Government Central Press. 1879. p. 249.
  19. ↑ Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 114–115. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.
  20. ↑ Sudipta Mitra (2005). Gir Forest and the Saga of the Asiatic Lion. Indus Publishing. p. 14. ISBN 978-81-7387-183-2.
  21. ↑ The new Islamic dynasties: a chronological and genealogical manual New Edinburgh Islamic Surveys Series; Author:Clifford Edmund Bosworth ISBN 0-7486-2137-7, ISBN 978-0-7486-2137-8
  22. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-07-14. Retrieved 2011-08-21.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  23. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2011-08-21.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
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