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Mukna: Difference between revisions
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'''Mukna''' is a form of [[folk wrestling]] from the [[north-east India]]n state of [[Manipur]]. It is popular in [[Imphal]], [[Thoubal]] and [[Bishnupur, Manipur|Bishnupur]]. The game is generally played on the last day of the [[Lai Haraoba]] festival and is an intrinsic part of the ceremonial functions.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Prakash |first1=Col Ved |title=Encyclopaedia of North-East India |publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist |isbn=978-81-269-0706-9 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Encyclopaedia_of_North_East_India/wxkC9S2jYCkC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=mukna+wrestling&pg=PA1559&printsec=frontcover}}</ref> | '''Mukna''' is a form of [[folk wrestling]] from the [[north-east India]]n state of [[Manipur]]. It is popular in [[Imphal]], [[Thoubal]] and [[Bishnupur, Manipur|Bishnupur]]. The game is generally played on the last day of the [[Lai Haraoba]] festival and is an intrinsic part of the ceremonial functions.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Prakash |first1=Col Ved |title=Encyclopaedia of North-East India |year=2007 |publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist |isbn=978-81-269-0706-9 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Encyclopaedia_of_North_East_India/wxkC9S2jYCkC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=mukna+wrestling&pg=PA1559&printsec=frontcover}}</ref> | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
The mythological origin according to [[Meitei people|Meiteis]] trace back to [[Puya (Meitei texts)|Puya]] manuscripts such as ''Leithal'', ''Leikharol'', and ''Pudin''.<ref name="CPC">{{cite book |last1=Dutta |first1=Sristidhar |last2=Tripathy |first2=Byomakesh |title=Martial Traditions of North East India |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=978-81-8069-335-9 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Martial_Traditions_of_North_East_India/s_ttiCMvGH4C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=mukna&pg=PA254&printsec=frontcover |access-date=17 December 2020}}</ref> It is thought to have originated in Moirang Kangleirol, in which Khamba and Nongban were two legendary figures in Mukna.<ref name="Routledge">{{cite book |last1=Meitei |first1=Sanjenbam Yaiphaba |last2=Chaudhuri |first2=Sarit K. |last3=Arunkumar |first3=M. C. |title=The Cultural Heritage of Manipur |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-000-29629-7 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/The_Cultural_Heritage_of_Manipur/FhUHEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=mukna&pg=PA131&printsec=frontcover |access-date=17 December 2020}}</ref> | The mythological origin according to [[Meitei people|Meiteis]] trace back to [[Puya (Meitei texts)|Puya]] manuscripts such as ''Leithal'', ''Leikharol'', and ''Pudin''.<ref name="CPC">{{cite book |last1=Dutta |first1=Sristidhar |last2=Tripathy |first2=Byomakesh |title=Martial Traditions of North East India |year=2006 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=978-81-8069-335-9 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Martial_Traditions_of_North_East_India/s_ttiCMvGH4C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=mukna&pg=PA254&printsec=frontcover |access-date=17 December 2020}}</ref> It is thought to have originated in Moirang Kangleirol, in which Khamba and Nongban were two legendary figures in Mukna.<ref name="Routledge">{{cite book |last1=Meitei |first1=Sanjenbam Yaiphaba |last2=Chaudhuri |first2=Sarit K. |last3=Arunkumar |first3=M. C. |title=The Cultural Heritage of Manipur |date=25 November 2020 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-000-29629-7 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/The_Cultural_Heritage_of_Manipur/FhUHEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=mukna&pg=PA131&printsec=frontcover |access-date=17 December 2020}}</ref> | ||
==Sport== | ==Sport== | ||
Revision as of 06:10, 16 September 2021
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (January 2021) |
Mukna is a form of folk wrestling from the north-east Indian state of Manipur. It is popular in Imphal, Thoubal and Bishnupur. The game is generally played on the last day of the Lai Haraoba festival and is an intrinsic part of the ceremonial functions.[1]
History
The mythological origin according to Meiteis trace back to Puya manuscripts such as Leithal, Leikharol, and Pudin.[2] It is thought to have originated in Moirang Kangleirol, in which Khamba and Nongban were two legendary figures in Mukna.[3]
Sport
Matches begin with the competitors holding each other's belts called ningri. The object is to pin the opponent with their back touching the ground. The winner is called a yatra.[3] Mukna contains many techniques (lou) which require absolute physical fitness and skill to be mastered.[2] Holding the opponent's neck, hair, ear or legs with the hands is not permitted. Any strikes are also considered fouls. Anyone who touches the ground with any part of their body besides the feet is declared the loser.
Wrestlers are paired according to weight-class. The traditional attire not only protects the players' vital points but also helps to identify the pana or the yek[clarification needed] to which the wrestler belongs.
It is popular in Kakching Haraoba, Chakpa Haraoba among others. The game is generally played on the last day of the Lai Haraoba festival and is an intrinsic part of the ceremonial functions.[3]
See also
References
- ↑ Prakash, Col Ved (2007). Encyclopaedia of North-East India. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. ISBN 978-81-269-0706-9.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Dutta, Sristidhar; Tripathy, Byomakesh (2006). Martial Traditions of North East India. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 978-81-8069-335-9. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Meitei, Sanjenbam Yaiphaba; Chaudhuri, Sarit K.; Arunkumar, M. C. (25 November 2020). The Cultural Heritage of Manipur. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-29629-7. Retrieved 17 December 2020.