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Mamata Banerjee
মমতা বন্দ্যোপাধ্যায়
Portrait of Mamata Banerjee
8th Chief Minister of West Bengal
Assumed office
20 May 2011
GovernorM. K. Narayanan
Preceded byBuddhadeb Bhattacharjee
Minister of Railway
In office
13 October 1999 – 16 March 2001 (Resigned)
In office
22 May 2009 – 19 May 2011 (After Giving Resignation)
Preceded byLalu Prasad Yadav
Succeeded byDinesh Trivedi (pro tem)
Member of Parliament for Kolkata Dakshin
In office
1991–2011
Preceded byBiplab Dasgupta[1]
Succeeded bySubrata Bakshi
Member of Parliament for Jadavpur
In office
1984–1989
Member of Legislative Assembly
for Bhabanipur
Assumed office
25 September 2011
Councillor of Bhabanipur Area[citation needed]
Assumed office
28 April 2015
Personal details
Born (1955-01-05) 5 January 1955 (age 69)
Kolkata, West Bengal, India
NationalityIndian
Political partyCongress (Left In 1/1/1998) Trinamool Congress (1991-Present)
Spouse(s)Unmarried
ResidenceHarish Chatterjee Street, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Alma materJogamaya Devi College (B.A.)
University of Calcutta (M.A.)
Shri Shikshayatan College (B.Ed.)
Jogesh Chandra Chaudhuri Law College (LL.B.)
OccupationPolitical Leader
ProfessionPolitician
Advocate
Social Worker
Painter
Singer
Writer
Websitehttp://aitcofficial.org/biography/

Mamata Banerjee (Bengali: মমতা বন্দ্যোপাধ্যায়) (born 5 January 1955) is the current Chief Minister of the Indian state of West Bengal. She is the first woman Chief Minister of the state. She is also the founder and chairperson of the Trinamool Congress.[2][3] Mamata Banerjee is also the Minister for Home, Health and Family Welfare, Land and Land Reforms, Information and Cultural Affairs, Hill Affairs, Minority Affairs and Madrassah Education, Agriculture, Power and Personnel and Administrative Reforms departments.[4][5][6][7] She is a good orator. Her followers call her "Didi" (meaning the elder sister).

Mamata Banerjee has defeated the 34-year-old the Communist Party of India (Marxist)-led Left Front government in West Bengal. That government was the world's longest-serving democratically-elected communist government.[8][9][10]

In the past, she was the Minister of Railways twice, Minister of Coal once, and Minister of State for Human Resource Development, Department of Youth Affairs and Sports and Women and Child Development once in the cabinet of the Government of India.[11]

Early life and education

Banerjee was born in Kolkata (formerly called Calcutta), West Bengal, to a Bengali Hindu family.[12][13] Her parents were Promileswar Banerjee and Gayetri Devi.[14] Banerjee's father, Promileswar died due to lack of medical treatment, when she was 17. In 1970, Banerjee completed the higher secondary board examination from Deshbandhu Sishu Sikshalay. She received a Bachelor's degree in History from Jogamaya Devi collage.[15][16] Later,she earned her master's degree in Islamic history from the University of calcutta.[17] This was followed by a degree in Education from Shri Shikshayatan Collage and a law degree from Jogesh Chandra Chaudhuri Law Collage, Kolkata.[18]

She also received an honorary doctorate from the Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar.[19] She was also honoured with a Doctorate of Literature (D.Litt.) degree by Calcutta University.[20]

Banerjee became involved with politics when she was only 15. While studying at the Jogamaya Devi College, she established Chhatra Parishad Unions, the student wing of the Congress (I) Party, defeating the All India Democratic Students Organisation affiliated with the Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist).[21] She continued in the Congress (I) Party in West Bengal, serving in a variety of positions within the party and in other local political organisations.


Early political career, 1984–2011

Political career with Congress

Banerjee began her political career in the Congress party as a young woman in the 1970s. In 1975 she gained attention in the press media when she danced on the car of socialist activist and politician Jayaprakash Narayan as a protest against him.[22][23][24] She quickly rose in the ranks of the local Congress group and remained the general secretary of Mahila Congress (Indira), West Bengal, from 1976 to 1980.[25] In the 1984 general election, Banerjee became one of India's youngest parliamentarians ever,[26] defeating veteran Communist politician Somnath Chatterjee, to win the Jadavpur parliamentary Constituency in West Bengal. She also became the general secretary of the Indian Youth Congress in 1984. She lost her seat to Malini Bhattacharya of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) in the 1989 general elections in an anti-Congress wave.[27] She was re-elected in the 1991 general elections, having settled into the Calcutta South constituency. She retained the Kolkata South seat in the 1996, 1998, 1999, 2004 and 2009 general elections.

Banerjee was appointed the Union Minister of State for Human Resources Development, Youth Affairs and Sports, and Women and Child Development in 1991 by prime minister P. V. Narasimha Rao. As the sports minister, she announced that she would resign and protested in a rally at the Brigade Parade Ground in Kolkata, against the Government's indifference towards her proposal to improve sports in the country.[28] She was discharged of her portfolios in 1993. In April 1996, she alleged that Congress was behaving as a stooge of the CPI-M in West Bengal. She claimed that she was the lone voice of reason and wanted a "clean Congress"[29]

Founding Trinamool Congress

In 1997, due to difference in political views with the then West Bengal Pradesh Congress Committee president Somendra Nath Mitra, Banerjee left the Congress Party in West Bengal and became one of the founding members of the All India Trinamool Congress, along with Mukul Roy.[30] It quickly became the primary opposition party to the long-standing Communist government in the state.On 11 December 1998, she controversially held a Samajwadi Party MP, Daroga Prasad Saroj, by the collar and dragged him out of the well of the Lok Sabha to prevent him from protesting against the Women's Reservation Bill.[31]

Nandigram protest

The Nandigram violence was an incident in Nandigram, West Bengal occurred in 2007 where a battalion of armed police stormed the rural area in the district of Purba Medinipur with the aim of quashing protests against the West Bengal government's plans to expropriate 10,000 acres (40 km2) of land for a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) to be developed by the Indonesian-based Salim Group. At least 14 villagers were shot dead and 70 more were wounded. This led to a large number of intellectuals to protest on the streets.[32][33][34]

Banerjee wrote letters to Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and Union Home Minister Shivraj Patil to stop what she called "state sponsored violence" promoted by CPI(M) in Nandigram. Her political activism during the movement is widely believed to be one of the contributing causes to her landslide victory in 2011.

The CBI report on the incident clearly vindicated CPI(M)'s stand that Buddhadeb did not order the police to open fire. They did so only to disperse the unlawful assembly after every other standard operating procedure had failed.[35]

References

  1. ↑ Kolkata Dakshin (Lok Sabha constituency)
  2. ↑ "Council of Ministers - Who's Who - Government: National Portal of India". Government of India. Retrieved 11 August 2010.
  3. ↑ "Mamata Banerjee sworn in as West Bengal chief minister". Archived from the original on 2012-10-03.
  4. ↑ Special Correspondent. "News / National : Key Ministers in Mamata's Cabinet". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 2012-10-03. Retrieved 2011-05-21.
  5. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-10-03. Retrieved 2011-05-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  6. ↑ Our Special Correspondent (1999-03-01). "The Telegraph - Calcutta (Kolkata) | Frontpage | Mamata keeps key slots". Telegraphindia.com. Archived from the original on 2012-10-03. Retrieved 2011-05-21.
  7. ↑ "Mamata allots portfolios, keeps key ministries - Politics News - IBNLive". Ibnlive.in.com. 2010-02-03. Retrieved 2011-05-21.
  8. ↑ BBC News (13 May 2011). "BBC News - India: Mamata Banerjee routs communists in West Bengal". Archived from the original on 13 May 2011. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
  9. ↑ "Indian state election expected to end Kolkata's 34-year communist rule". The Guardian. London. April 18, 2011. Archived from the original on 2012-10-03. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
  10. ↑ "The woman taking on India's communists". BBC World News. April 15, 2011. Archived from the original on 2012-10-03. Retrieved 15 April 2011.
  11. ↑ "Detailed Profile = Km. Mamata Banerjee". Government of India. Retrieved 11 August 2010.
  12. ↑ https://newleftreview.org/issues/ii70/articles/kheya-bag-red-bengal-s-rise-and-fall
  13. ↑ https://www.newindianexpress.com/thesundaystandard/2014/may/11/Political-Eclipse-of-Once-Formidable-Brahmins-611064.html
  14. ↑ https://www.rediff.com/news/slide-show/slide-show-1-whod-have-known-mamatas-5-years-younger/20120125.htm
  15. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20110726210012/
  16. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20110425225124/
  17. ↑ https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/slideshows/nation-world/15-facts-about-mamata-banerjee-that-you-probably-dont-know/education/slideshow/52465489.cms
  18. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20100726145746/http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/lok10/mp52.htm
  19. ↑ https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/Odisha-varsity-to-confer-doctorate-on-Mamata/articleshow/16443132.cms
  20. ↑ https://indianexpress.com/article/india/mamata-banerjee-to-receive-d-litt-degree-calcutta-hc-to-hear-pil-today-5020036/
  21. ↑ https://magazine.outlookindia.com/story/a-fire-dweller-at-the-kiln/282724
  22. ↑ https://www.sify.com/news/mamatas-political-journey-from-a-car-dance-to-chief-ministership--news-national-lfnnQ3hibhhsi.html
  23. ↑ https://www.freepressjournal.in/analysis/first-show-us-some-mamata
  24. ↑ https://www.livemint.com/Politics/jvRw4QrDrA8yJ5V84gY3OK/From-jumping-on-cars-to-hunger-strikes-Mamata-Banerjee-shak.html
  25. ↑ https://archive.is/20120714095740/http://profiles.incredible-people.com/mamta-banerjee/
  26. ↑ https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/only-mamata-banerjee-could-defeat-somnath-chatterjee-1312879-2018-08-13
  27. ↑ https://www.oneindia.com/feature/bengal-polls-2016-mamata-banerjee-election-performance-since-1984-2082091.html
  28. ↑ https://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030107/nation.htm#1
  29. ↑ https://www.indiatoday.in/assembly-elections-2011/west-bengal/story/mamata-banerjee-biography-133631-2011-05-12
  30. ↑ https://frontline.thehindu.com/other/article30217647.ece
  31. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20110424085700/http://www.hinduonnet.com/revents/01/19980112.htm
  32. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20120217023009/http://news.oneindia.in/2007/11/30/nandigram-peoples-struggle-heroic--clark-1196438590.html
  33. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20090706032521/http://www.iacboston.org/india/1207-nandigram-says-no.html
  34. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20080416093108/http://www.indianexpress.com/story/246969.html
  35. ↑ https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Nandigram-firing-Full-text-of-CBIs-Nandigram-chargesheet/articleshow/29665581.cms

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Political offices
Preceded by
Lalu Prasad Yadav 		Minister of Railways
2009–2011 		Succeeded by
Dr. Manmohan Singh (pro tem)
Preceded by
Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee 		Chief Minister of West Bengal
2011–present 		Incumbent
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